JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground
HTML
<input type="text">
<button>Juntar palavra</button>
JavaScript
var input = document.querySelector('input');
var caret = 0;
var texto = '_olá!_';
input.addEventListener('keyup', function() {
caret = this.selectionStart;
});
var button = document.querySelector('button');
button.addEventListener('click', function() {
var val = input.value;
input.value = val.slice(0, caret) + texto + val.slice(caret);
});