JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground
HTML
<div id="doc" class="docParent">
<input type="checkbox" name="check2" class="ballu" value="123" data-docnumber="S004">
<input type="checkbox" name="check2" class="ballu" value="123" data-docnumber="B004">
<input type="checkbox" name="check2" class="ballu" value="123" data-docnumber="B005">
</div>
JavaScript
alert($("#doc").find("input[name='check2'] [data-doknumber*='S']").length > 0)