JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<div id="resposta">
 Aqui
</div>

JavaScript

let x = document.querySelector('#resposta');

x.innerHTML = '<a href="#" data-value="1" class="descricao-resposta" id="resposta-selecionada">teste</a>';

var btnResponde = document.querySelector('#resposta-selecionada');

btnResponde.addEventListener('click', function(evento){
    evento.preventDefault();
    respondeExercicio();
});

function respondeExercicio(){
    alert('ok');
}