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<p>Determine whether the statement forms in 16–24 are logically equivalent. In each case, construct a truth table and include a sentence justifying your answer. Your sentence should show that you understand the meaning of logical equivalence.</p>
<p>16. $p \vee (p \wedge q) \text{ and } p$
$$\newcommand\T{\Rule{0pt}{1em}{.3em}}
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline p & q & p \wedge q & p \vee (p \wedge q) \\\hline
\mathbf{0} & 0 & \mathbf{0} & 0 \\\hline
\mathbf{0} & 1 & \mathbf{0} & 0 \\\hline
\mathbf{1} & 0 & \mathbf{0} & 1 \\\hline
\mathbf{1} & 1 & \mathbf{1} & 1 \\\hline
\end{array}$$
</p>
<p>17. $\sim(p \wedge q) \text{ and } \sim p \wedge \sim q$
$$\newcommand\T{\Rule{0pt}{1em}{.3em}}
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline p & q & p \wedge q & \sim(p \wedge q) & \sim p & \sim q & \sim p \wedge \sim q \\\hline
0 & 0 & 0 & \mathbf{1} & 1 & 1 & \mathbf{1} \\\hline
0 & 1 & 0 & \mathbf{1} & 1 & 0 & \mathbf{0} \\\hline
1 & 0 & 0 & \mathbf{1} & 0 & 1 & \mathbf{0} \\\hline
1 & 1 & 1 & \mathbf{0} & 0 & 0 & \mathbf{0} \\\hline
\end{array}$$
</p>