JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground
HTML
<table border=0 align=center width=70%><caption><strong>Отработанные часы</strong></caption><tr><td><strong>name</strong></td><td><strong>Рязань</strong></td></tr><tr><td><input id='id01' name='Исаев Штирлиц Курашевич' value='Исаев Штирлиц Курашевич'></input></td><td><input id='id03' name='' value=''></input></td></tr><tr><td><input id='id11' name='Мухтаров Собака Ахмедович' value='Мухтаров Собака Ахмедович'></input></td><td><input id='id13' name='' value=''></input></td></tr></table>
JavaScript
n = 0;
var name_worker = [];
var hours_worked = [];
while (jQuery("input#id" + n + "3").val() != null){
name_worker[n] = jQuery("input#id" + n + "1").val();
hours_worked[n] = jQuery("input#id" + n + "3").val();
console.log("name_worker" + n + "= " + name_worker[n]);
console.log("hours_worked" + n + "= " + hours_worked[n]);
n = n + 1;
}
console.log("exit while");