JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<div class="form-check">
    <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" name="entry.941106590" id="entry.941106590.Строительство и недвижимость" value="Строительство и недвижимость">
    <label class="form-check-label" for="entry.941106590.Строительство и недвижимость">Строительство и недвижимость</label>
  </div>
  <div class="form-check form-check-other">
    <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" name="entry.941106590" id="entry.941106590.other_option_response" value="__other_option__"> 
    <input class="form-control" type="text" name="entry.941106590.other_option_response" value="" placeholder="Иное" onchange="document.getElementById(this.name).checked=true">
  </div>

CSS

label {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: #303030;
    letter-spacing: 0.04rem;
    line-height: 2.5rem;
}
label {
    margin: 0px;
    padding-top: 0px;
    padding-bottom: 6px;
    line-height: 180%;
}
.form-check-label, .form-check-other {
    display: inline-block;
    padding-left: 2.5rem;
    font-size: 1.4rem !important;
}
input[type="checkbox"].form-check-input {
  position: absolute;
  left: -9999px
}
input[type="checkbox"].form-check-input+label {
  position: relative;
  cursor: pointer;
}
input[type="checkbox"].form-check-input+label:before {
  content: '';
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #808080;
  border-radius: 3px;
  height: 1.4rem;
  width: 1.4rem;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0.5rem;
  left: 0;
}
input[type="checkbox"].form-check-input+label:after {
  content: '';
  border-style: solid;
  border-width: 0 0 2px 2px;
  border-color: transparent transparent #673F9A #673F9A;
  width: 1rem;
  height: 0.5rem;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0.8rem;
  left: 0.2rem;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scale(2) rotate(-45deg);
}
input[type="checkbox"].form-check-input:checked+label:after {
     opacity: 1;
     transform: scale(1) rotate(-45deg);
     color: #673F9A
}
.form-control {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    line-height: 1.5;
    height: 48px;
    font-size: 14px;
    color: #606060;
    text-transform: none;
    border: 2px solid #ededed;
    border-radius: 5px;
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: 0 16px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    -moz-appearance: none;
    -o-appearance: none;
    appearance: none;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.3s;
    -o-transition: all 0.3s;
    transition: all 0.3s;
 }
input[type="text"].form-control:focus {
    border: 2px solid #673F9A;
    border-radius: 5px;
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: 0 16px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    -moz-appearance: none;
    -o-appearance: none;
    appearance: none;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.3s;
   ...

JavaScript

var otherOption = $('input[type=text][placeholder=Иное]').attr('name');
$('.form-check-other > .form-check-input').after('<label class="form-check-label" for="var otherOption">');
$('.form-control').attr('onchange', 'document.getElementById(this.name).checked = this.value?true:false');