JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

JavaScript

var str = 'test --par2 --par23=whatever 0 xd true hello "string test"';
var re = /("[^"]+")|^\S+|\W-\S+|(\S+)/g;

var res = []
while ((m = re.exec(str)) !== null) {
  if(m[1] != undefined) res.push(m[1]);
  if(m[2] != undefined) res.push(m[2]);
}

console.log(res);