File API and Canvas

HTML

<input type="file" id="input"/>
<div>
    <canvas width="400" height="300" id="canvas"/>
</div>

CSS

canvas {
    border:1px solid black
}

JavaScript

var URL = window.webkitURL || window.URL;

window.onload = function() {
    var input = document.getElementById('input');
    input.addEventListener('change', handleFiles, false);
    
    // set original canvas dimensions as max
    var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
    canvas.dataMaxWidth = canvas.width;
    canvas.dataMaxHeight = canvas.height;
}

function handleFiles(e) {
    var ctx = document.getElementById('canvas').getContext('2d');
    var reader  = new FileReader();
    var file = e.target.files[0];
    // load to image to get it's width/height
    var img = new Image();
    img.onload = function() {
        // setup scaled dimensions
        var scaled = getScaledDim(img, ctx.canvas.dataMaxWidth, ctx.canvas.dataMaxHeight);
        // scale canvas to image
        ctx.canvas.width = scaled.width;
        ctx.canvas.height = scaled.height;
        // draw image
        ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0
            , ctx.canvas.width, ctx.canvas.height
        );
    }
    // this is to setup loading the image
    reader.onloadend = function () {
        img.src = reader.result;
    }
    // this is to read the file
   	reader.readAsDataURL(file);
}

// returns scaled dimensions object
function getScaledDim(img, maxWidth, maxHeight) {
    var scaled = {
        ratio: img.width / img.height,
        width: img.width,
        height: img.height
    }
    if (scaled.width > maxWidth) {
        scaled.width = maxWidth;
        scaled.height = scaled.width / scaled.ratio;
    }
    if (scaled.height > maxHeight) {
        scaled.height = maxHeight;
        scaled.width = scaled.height / scaled.ratio;
    }
    return scaled;
}