JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/4.2.6/d3.js"></script>
<button id="zoom_in">+</button>
<button id="zoom_out">-</button>
<button id="zoom_init">Init</button>

CSS

.overlay {
  fill: none;
  pointer-events: all;
}
button {
  padding: 10px 20px;
}

JavaScript

var width = 960,
    height = 500;

var randomX = d3.randomUniform(width / 2, 80),
    randomY = d3.randomUniform(height / 2, 80);

var data = d3.range(2000).map(function() {
    return [randomX(), randomY() ];
});


var svg = d3.select("body")
		.append("svg")
			.attr('id', 'svg')
    	.attr("width", width)
    	.attr("height", height)
  	.append("g")
  	.append("g")
  	.attr('id', 'g');

svg.append("rect")
    .attr("class", "overlay")
    .attr("width", width)
    .attr("height", height);

svg.selectAll("circle")
    .data(data)
  .enter().append("circle")
    .attr("r", 2.5)
    .attr("transform", function(d) { return "translate(" + d + ")"; });
    
    
//****************** ZOOM IMPLEMENTATION ********************
var g = d3.select("#g");
var svg = d3.select('#svg');
    
var zoom = d3.zoom()
    .scaleExtent([1/2, 4])
    .on("zoom", zoom);
    
svg.call(transform);

function zoomed() {
  g.attr('transform', `translate(${d3.event.transform.x},  	 ${d3.event.transform.y}) scale(${d3.event.transform.k})`);
};

// this function need to be called if we need zoom to center of the picture
function transform() {
  return d3.zoomIdentity
      .translate(width / 2.75, height / 2.75)
      .scale(zoomLevel)
      .translate(-width/2.75, -height/2.75);
}
function transition(zoomLevel) {
  svg.transition()
      .delay(100)
      .duration(700)
      .call(zoom.scaleBy, zoomLevel)
      .call(zoom.transform, transform);
      //.on("end", function() { canvas.call(transition); });
}

d3.selectAll('button').on('click', function() {
  if (this.id === 'zoom_in') {
    transition(1.2); // increase on 0.2 each time
  }
  if (this.id === 'zoom_out') {
    transition(0.8); // deacrease on 0.2 each time
  }
  if (this.id === 'zoom_init') {
    svg.transition()
        .delay(100)
        .duration(700)
        .call(zoom.scaleTo, 1); // return to initial state
  }
});