JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<input type="radio" value="1" name="size">
<input type="radio" value="2" name="size">
<input type="radio" value="3" name="size">
<input type="radio" value="4" name="size">
<button data-value="1">Первый</button>
<button data-value="2">Второй</button>
<button data-value="3">Третий</button>
<button data-value="4">Четвертый</button>

JavaScript

$(document).ready(function() {
  $("button").click( function() {
    let btn = $(this).attr('data-value');
		
    $(`input[value="${btn}"]`).prop('checked', true);
  });
});