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by Gwyn Milcote

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Goldfish are tetraploid, meaning they have 4 sets of chromosomes, unlike other animals which are diploid and have 2 sets. Instead of the Transparent locus, for example, having two alleles (TT, Tt or tt) it has 4 alleles (TTTT, TTTt, TTtt, Tttt or tttt). Some breeders theorise that these many combos are responsible for weaker or stronger effects (TTtt having average amount of transparent scales, TTTt having more and Tttt having fewer).
<p>This makes goldfish more complicated than other animals, and I'm not prepared to code special Punnett squares or other tools just for them. So you'll only have a pair of alleles to play with. Hopefully it's enough for a rough approximation.</p>

General info, overview, pictures etc:
<ul>
    <li>http://www.bristol-aquarists.org.uk/goldfish/info/goldfish_colour_chart.htm</li>
    <li>http://raingarden.us/color.htm</li>
    <li>https://www.myaquariumclub.com/types-of-goldfish-the-goldie-identification-guide-5805.html</li>
    <li>https://www.about-goldfish.com/goldfish-scale-types.html</li>
    <li>https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/S0960-9822%2820%2930548-0.pdf</li>
    <li>Goldfish Varieties and Genetics: Handbook for Breeders, by Joseph Smartt<br>https://www.vet-ebooks.com/goldfish-varieties-and-genetics-handbook-for-breeders/</li>
    <li></li>
</ul>

Colour genes:
<ul>
    <li>Net-like transparent (aka mock-metallic, bluebelly) only found in Momiji Wakin breed. Recessive n/n. Reduced guanine on exposed edges of scale. Often the belly scales are transparent so "deep melanin in the body wall" is seen, looks blue. Also called mock-metallic, as fish develops normalish levels of guanine in outdoor pond, but more transparent when indoors. So not really metallic; it varies depending on environment.</li>
    <li>A, B, C, D. All recessive. A fish must have all of these mutations at once (a/a b/b c/c d/d) to be brown-coloured. On their own, not sure if any of these mutations have a visual effect.</li>
    <li>Transparent (T). also...