Height proportional to width using VW unit
ref https://stackoverflow.com/a/38217322
HTML
<div class="outside a">aaaa</div>
<div class="outside b">bbbb</div>
<hr>
<div class="outside c"><div class="internal">cccc</div></div>
<div class="outside d"><div class="internal">dddd</div></div>
CSS
.outside {display: inline-block; background: grey;}
.a {
width: 40vw;
height: 20vw;
}
.b{
width: 40%;
height: 20vw;
}
.c .internal {
margin-bottom: 20vw;
}