JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<p>Using only CSS...</p>

<div class="container">
    <div class="imgwrapper"><img src="http://lorempixel.com/300/200" /></div>
    <div class="imgwrapper"><img src="http://lorempixel.com/200/250" /></div>
    <div class="imgwrapper"><img src="http://lorempixel.com/200/200" /></div>
</div>

<p>Using jQuery...</p>

<div id="container2">
    <img src="http://lorempixel.com/300/100" />
    <img src="http://lorempixel.com/200/250" />
    <img src="http://lorempixel.com/200/200" />
</div>

<div style="width:598px;text-align:center;border:1px solid #000;margin:10px;">600px</div>

CSS

.container{
    width: 600px;
    margin: 10px;
    background-color: #000;
    
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
    -webkit-box-pack: center;
    -webkit-box-align: center;
   
    display: -moz-box;
    -moz-box-orient: horizontal;
    -moz-box-pack: center;
    -moz-box-align: center;
    
    display: box;
    box-orient: horizontal;
    box-pack: center;
    box-align: center;
}

.imgwrapper {
    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
    -moz-box-flex: 1;
    box-flex: 1;
}

img{
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display:block;
}

/* Below here is just for the jQuery solution */

#container2{
    width: 600px;
    margin: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
}
#container2 img{float:left;}

JavaScript

/* Code just for the jQuery solution */

var container_width = $('#container2').width();
var container_width_temp = 0.0; // must be float!
var container_height = 50.0; // random initial container heigth for calculations

$('#container2 img').each(function(){
    var newwidth = (this.width / this.height) * container_height;
    this.width = newwidth;
    $(this).data('width', newwidth); // store this here because width attribute is an int and not a float, and you don't want to loose precision here!
    container_width_temp += newwidth;
});

$('#container2 img').each(function(){
    this.width = $(this).data('width') * (container_width / container_width_temp);
});

// this should be done as a jquery plugin so you can apply this to multiple containers