JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/4.2.6/d3.js"></script>
<button id="zoom_in">+</button>
<button id="zoom_out">-</button>

CSS

.overlay {
  fill: none;
  pointer-events: all;
}
button {
  padding: 10px 20px;
}

JavaScript

var width = 960,
    height = 500;

var randomX = d3.randomUniform(width / 2, 80),
    randomY = d3.randomUniform(height / 2, 80);

var data = d3.range(2000).map(function() {
    return [randomX(), randomY() ];
});

var zoom = d3.zoom().scaleExtent([1, 2]).on("zoom", zoomed);

var svg = d3.select("body").append("svg")
    .attr("width", width)
    .attr("height", height)
  .append("g")
  .append("g")
  .attr('id', 'test')
  .call(zoom);

svg.append("rect")
    .attr("class", "overlay")
    .attr("width", width)
    .attr("height", height);

svg.selectAll("circle")
    .data(data)
  .enter().append("circle")
    .attr("r", 2.5)
    .attr("transform", function(d) { return "translate(" + d + ")"; });

function zoomed() {
    var t = d3.zoomTransform(selection.node()); // ADDED
    svg.attr("transform",
        "translate(" + t.x + "," + t.y + ")" +
        "scale(" + t.k + ")"
    );
}

function interpolateZoom (translate, scale) {
    var self = this;
    var t = d3.zoomTransform(selection);
    return d3.transition().duration(350).tween("zoom", function () {
        var iTranslate = d3.interpolate(translate,[t.x, t.y]);
        var iScale = d3.interpolate(t.k, scale);
        
        return function (t) {
            var foo = iTranslate(t);
            zoom
                .translateBy(selection, foo[0], foo[1]); // ADDED
            zoom
                .scaleBy(selection, iScale(t)); // ADDED
            zoomed();
        };
    });
}

var selection = d3.select('#test');
console.log('selection:', selection.node());

function zoomClick() {
console.log('TARGET:', d3.event.target)
    var clicked = d3.event.target,
        direction = 1,
        factor = 0.1,
        target_zoom = 1,
        center = [width / 2, height / 2],
        extent = zoom.scaleExtent(),
        translate = d3.zoomTransform(selection), // ADDED
        translate0 = [],
        l = [],
        view = {x: translate.x, y: translate.y, k: translate.k};
    
    d3.event.preventDefault();
   ...