JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<button id="add">CLICK ME</button>
<table>
  <tr>
    <td>11</td>
    <td>12</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>21</td>
    <td>22</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div class="test">
Любой текст.
</div>

JavaScript

var div = document.querySelector(".test");
function cloneDiv(div){
	return div.cloneNode(true);
}
document.getElementById("add").onclick = function(){
	var td = document.querySelectorAll("td");
  for(var i = 0, l = td.length; i < l; i++){
    td[i].appendChild(cloneDiv(div));
  }
  div.parentNode.removeChild(div);
}