JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<h4 class="title">oveflow:hiddenなし</h4>
<div class="link-btn"><a href="#">Link Button</a></div>
<hr>
<h4 class="title">oveflow:hiddenあり</h4>
<div class="link-btn ofh"><a href="#">Link Button</a></div>

CSS

.title {
  text-align: center;
}

.link-btn {
  position: relative;
  margin-right: auto;
  margin-left: auto;
  width: fit-content;
  background-color: #444;
}

.link-btn.ofh {
  overflow: hidden;
}

.link-btn::before {
  content: "";
  display: block;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background-color: #888;
  z-index: 1;
  transform: translateX(-100%);
  transition: transform 0.4s linear;
}

.link-btn:hover::before {
  transform: translateX(0);
}

.link-btn a {
  display: block;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  padding: 0.5em 1em;
  color: white;
  text-align: center;
  text-decoration: none;
}