JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.4.1.slim.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.4.1/css/bootstrap.css">
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.16.0/umd/popper.js"></script>
<script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.4.1/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css">
<!-- 
  Bootstrap docs: https://getbootstrap.com/docs
-->

<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col col-10">
      Column 1 - Make search input overflow me!
    </div>
    <div class="col d-flex justify-content-end align-self-center">
      <div class="search-area">
        <form class="page-searchform" action="" method="get">
        <label for="headerSearch" class="visually-hidden"></label>
          <input name="" id="headerSearch" class="header-search form-control" type="search" placeholder="Search...">
          <button class="btn header-search-btn" type="submit" id="headerSearchBtn">Go
          </button>
        </form>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

CSS

.search-area {
  transition: all .3s ease-in;
  width: 3rem
}

.search-area:focus-within .header-search{
   transition: all .3s ease-in;
  width: 500px;
}
.header-search{ 

 
 }
.page-searchform {
  position: relative
}
.search-area:hover .header-search{
   transition: all .3s ease-in;
    width: 500px;
}

.header-search {
  padding-right: 2rem;
  border: 0;
  background-color: red;
  position:absolute;
  right:0;
  width: 100px;
}

.header-search-btn {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  right: 0;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

/* Presentation onæly */

.row {
  background: #f8f9fa;
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.col {
  padding: 10px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
}