Bootstrap

HTML

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://bootswatch.com/_vendor/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<script src="https://bootswatch.com/_vendor/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://bootswatch.com/_vendor/bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
<div id="get_medicos">


</div>

JavaScript

$(document).ready(function() {

var sampleString = "";

for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
    $('#get_medicos').append(
        '<div class="col-md-3 dummy">' +
            '<div class="text-box">' +
                '<img src="assets/images/corpo-clinico/' + sampleString + '" alt="" class="img-responsive"/>' +
                '<div class="clearfix"></div>' + 
                '<div class="text-box white padding-3">' +
                    '<h5 class="less-mar1 text-blue">' + sampleString +'</h5>' +
                    '<p>' + sampleString + '</p>' +
                    '<a id="marcar" data-val="'+i+'" type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Marcar consulta'+i+'</a>' +
                '</div>' +
            '</div>' +
        '</div>'
    );
};


$('#get_medicos').on('click','a',function(event){
var elementClicked = event.target;
console.log($(elementClicked).data());
})

});