JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<div>value:
    <input id="myInput" value="0" />
</div>
<div>int type:
    <select id="intTypes">
        <option value="tinyint">tinyint</option>
        <option value="smallint">smallint</option>
        <option value="mediumint">mediumint</option>
        <option value="int">int</option>
        <option value="bigint">bigint</option>
    </select>
</div>
<div>unsigned:
    <input id="unsigned" type="checkbox">
</div>
<div>
    <button id="verify">Verify</button> <i>view result in console</i>
</div>

CSS

div {
    margin: 5px 0;
}

JavaScript

jQuery.fn.isInSqlIntRange = function (options) {
    var settings = $.extend({
        'type': 'int',
        'unsigned': false
    }, options);
    var min, max, val = this.val();
    if (val === '' || Number(val) === NaN) {
        return false;
    }
    val = Number(val);
    switch (settings.type) {
        case 'tinyint':
            min = settings.unsigned ? 0 : -128;
            max = settings.unsigned ? 255 : 127;
            break;
        case 'smallint':
            min = settings.unsigned ? 0 : -32768;
            max = settings.unsigned ? 65535 : 32767;
            break;
        case 'mediumint':
            min = settings.unsigned ? 0 : -8388608;
            max = settings.unsigned ? 16777215 : 8388607;
            break;
        case 'int':
        case 'integer':
            min = settings.unsigned ? 0 : -2147483648;
            max = settings.unsigned ? 4294967295 : 2147483647;
            break;
        case 'bigint':
            min = settings.unsigned ? 0 : -9223372036854775808;
            max = settings.unsigned ? 18446744073709551615 : 9223372036854775807;
            break;
        default:
            throw typeError('jQuery.isInIntRange() - type is undefined or invalid');
    }
    return val >= min && val <= max;
}

$("#verify").on('click', function () {
    var type = 'tinyint';
    var options = {
        'type': $("#intTypes").val(),
        'unsigned': $("#unsigned").prop('checked') ? true : false
    };
    console.log(options, $("#myInput").val(), $("#myInput").isInSqlIntRange(options));
});