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(function ($) {
    $('#languages8').on('change', function () {
        $('#output_selected_elements').html("");
        // Get value of HTML select element => $(this).val()
        $('#output_selected_elements').append("<li>Value Selected : " + $(this).val() + "</li>");
        // Get text of HTML select element => $(this).find("option[value='"+$(this).val()+"']").text();
        $('#output_selected_elements').append("<li>Visible Text : " + $(this).find("option[value='" + $(this).val() + "']").text() + "</li>");
        // Get selectedIndex of HTML select element => $(element).prop('selectedIndex');
        $('#output_selected_elements').append("<li>Selected Index : " + $('#languages8').prop('selectedIndex') + "</li>");
    });
})(jQuery);

<div class="code_example">
    <select name="languages" id="languages8">
        <option value="c">C</option>
        <option value="c++">C++</option>
        <option value="php">PHP</option>
        <option value="perl">PERL</option>
        <option value="ruby">RUBY</option>
        <option value="python">PYTHON</option>
        <option value="go">GO</option>
    </select>
    <br/>
    <ul id="output_selected_elements"></ul>
</div>