JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.10.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
<input type="text" id="txttime" value="10:00 PM" />
<input type="button" id="btnConvert" value="Convert to 24 Hours" />

JavaScript

function ConvertTimeformat(format, str) {
    var hours = Number(str.match(/^(\d+)/)[1]);
    var minutes = Number(str.match(/:(\d+)/)[1]);
    var AMPM = str.match(/\s?([AaPp][Mm]?)$/)[1];
    var pm = ['P', 'p', 'PM', 'pM', 'pm', 'Pm'];
    var am = ['A', 'a', 'AM', 'aM', 'am', 'Am'];
    if (pm.indexOf(AMPM) >= 0 && hours < 12) hours = hours + 12;
    if (am.indexOf(AMPM) >= 0 && hours == 12) hours = hours - 12;
    var sHours = hours.toString();
    var sMinutes = minutes.toString();
    if (hours < 10) sHours = "0" + sHours;
    if (minutes < 10) sMinutes = "0" + sMinutes;
    if (format == '0000') {
        return (sHours + sMinutes);
    } else if (format == '00:00') {
        return (sHours + ":" + sMinutes);
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}

$("#btnConvert").on("click", function () {
    alert(ConvertTimeformat("00:00", $("#txttime").val()));
});