JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<div id="cuisines">
    <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="87" id="CuisineCuisine87" /><label for="CuisineCuisine87">afghan</label></div> <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="17" id="CuisineCuisine17" /><label for="CuisineCuisine17">african</label></div> <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="1" id="CuisineCuisine1" /><label for="CuisineCuisine1">american</label></div> <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="18" id="CuisineCuisine18" /><label for="CuisineCuisine18">asian</label></div> <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="19" id="CuisineCuisine19" /><label for="CuisineCuisine19">asian fusion</label></div> <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="20" id="CuisineCuisine20" /><label for="CuisineCuisine20">bagels</label></div> <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="21" id="CuisineCuisine21" /><label for="CuisineCuisine21">bakery</label></div> <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="22" id="CuisineCuisine22" /><label for="CuisineCuisine22">barbecue</label></div> <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="23" id="CuisineCuisine23" /><label for="CuisineCuisine23">brewery/pub</label></div> <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="66" id="CuisineCuisine66" /><label for="CuisineCuisine66">brewpub</label></div> <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="62" id="CuisineCuisine62" /><label for="CuisineCuisine62">cafe</label></div> <div class="checkbox"><input type="checkbox" name="data[Cuisine][Cuisine][]" value="24" id="CuisineCuisine24" /><label for="CuisineCuisine24">cajun &amp;...

CSS

#cuisines .checkbox {
    float: left;
    margin: 10px;
    width: 140px;
}

JavaScript

var $element = $('#cuisines');
var $elementWidth = $element.find(' > .checkbox').outerWidth(true),
    elementCount = $element.find(' > .checkbox').length,
    $boxes = $element.find(' > .checkbox');

/* just for debug */
$boxes.each(function(i) {
    $(this).find('label').html(i);
});

//set resize function
$(window).resize(function() {
    var perRow = Math.floor($element.width() / $elementWidth),
        i, j, $thisColumn, inc;

    $boxes.appendTo($element); //move elements out of columns from previous resize
    $('.tempColumn').remove(); //destroy old columns
    for (i = 0; i < perRow; i++) {
        $thisColumn = $('<div class="tempColumn" />').appendTo($element).css({
            width: $elementWidth,
            float: 'left'
        });
        inc = Math.ceil(elementCount / perRow);
        for (j = inc * i; j < inc * (i + 1); j++) {
            $boxes.eq(j).appendTo($thisColumn);
        }
    }
}).resize(); //trigger resize function immediately