Edit in JSFiddle

$(function() {
   $('#test').prevAll("ul").children("li:first").css('background-color', 'red');
});
<ul>
<li>list item 1</li>
<li>list item 2</li>
<li>list item 3</li>
<li>list item 4</li>
<li>list item 5</li>
</ul>
<a id="test">Select First li from above ul</div>