Edit in JSFiddle

function original() {
    var ctx = document.getElementById('canvas').getContext('2d');
    ctx.fillRect(0,0,70,70);
}

function translated() {
    var ctx = document.getElementById('canvas2').getContext('2d');
    ctx.translate(40, 40);
    ctx.fillRect(0,0,70,70);
}

function rotate() {
    var ctx = document.getElementById('canvas').getContext('2d');
    ctx.rotate(Math.PI/8);
    ctx.fillStyle = "#0095DD";
    ctx.fillRect(0,0,70,70);
}

function rotate3() {
    var ctx = document.getElementById('canvas2').getContext('2d');
    ctx.translate(35, 35);
    ctx.rotate(Math.PI/8);
    ctx.translate(-35, -35);
    ctx.fillStyle = "#0095DD";
    ctx.fillRect(0,0,70,70);
}

function rotate2() {
    var ctx = document.getElementById('canvas2').getContext('2d');
    ctx.rotate(Math.PI/8);
    ctx.fillStyle = "#0095DD";
    ctx.fillRect(0,0,70,70);
}

function scale() {
    var ctx = document.getElementById('canvas3').getContext('2d');
    ctx.translate(40, 40);
    ctx.fillRect(0,0,70,70);
}

function scale2() {
    var ctx = document.getElementById('canvas3').getContext('2d');
    ctx.scale(1.3, 0.3);
    ctx.fillStyle = "#0095DD";
    ctx.fillRect(0,0,70,70);
}

<div class="cell">
    <h1>Original</h1>
    <canvas id="canvas" width="150" height="150"></canvas>
    <button onclick="original();">Draw</button>
    <button onclick="rotate();">Draw rotated</button>
</div>

<div class="cell">
    <h1>Translated</h1>
    <canvas id="canvas2" width="150" height="150"></canvas>
    <button onclick="translated();">Draw</button>
    <button onclick="rotate2();">Draw rotated</button>
    <button onclick="rotate3();">Draw rotated 2</button>
</div>

<div class="cell">
    <h1>Scaling</h1>
    <canvas id="canvas3" width="150" height="150"></canvas>
    <button onclick="scale();">Draw</button>
    <button onclick="scale2();">Scale</button>
</div>

canvas {
    border: 1px red solid;
}

.cell {
    width: 160px;
    display: inline-block;
    vertical-align:top
}

.cell button {
    width: 150px;
}