JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<input type="radio" id="parts_upload" class="icheck-input" value="Part_upload" name="upload"> Раз<br>
<input type="radio" id="image_upload" class="icheck-input" value="Image_upload" name="upload"> Два<br>
<input type="checkbox" id="parts_clear" class="icheck-input" value="Part_clear" name="clearer"> Три

JavaScript

(function($) {
    $('[name=upload]').on('change', function(e) {
        var selected = $('[name=upload]:checked'),
            checkbox  = $('#parts_clear');
        
        if ( 'image_upload' === selected.attr('id') ) {
            checkbox.prop( 'disabled', true );
        } else {
            checkbox.prop( 'disabled', false );
        }
        
    });
}(jQuery))