JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<div data-api-src="some value">test 1</div>
<div data-api-myattr="foobar">test 2</div>
<div data-something="foobar">test 3</div>

JavaScript

$.fn.filterData = function(set) {
    var elems=$([]);
    this.each(function(i,e) {
        $.each( $(e).data(), function(j,f) {
            if (j.substring(0, set.length) == set) {
                elems = elems.add($(e));
            }
        });
    });
    return elems;
}

$('div').filterData('api').css('color', 'red');