JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

JavaScript

function isPrime(n) {
    if( n < 2) return false;
    // a number is prime if it is divisible only by 1 and itself.
    // so, let's check it
    var rt = Math.sqrt(n), i;
    for( i=2; i<=rt; i++) {
        if( n%i == 0) {
            // the number is divisible by something else.
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

var tbl = document.createElement('table'),
    tbd = tbl.appendChild(document.createElement('tbody')),
    tr, td, i, found = 0;

for( i=2; i<1000; i++) { // we can start at 2, because as I said earlier 1 is not prime
    if( isPrime(i)) {
        // if the number of found numbers is a multiple of 10, start a new row
        // the first prime we find will be "number 0", which is divisible by 10.
        if( found % 10 == 0) tr = tbd.appendChild(document.createElement('tr'));
        td = tr.appendChild(document.createElement('td'));
        td.appendChild(document.createTextNode(i));
        found++;
    }
}

if( found % 10 != 0) {
    td = tr.appendChild(document.createElement('td'));
    td.colSpan = 10 - found % 10;
}

document.body.appendChild(tbl);
tbl.setAttribute("border",1);