JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<button class="sort-elements">Сортировать</button>

<div class="sorting">
    <ul class="elements">
        <li>Элементы</li>
        <li>Для</li>
        <li>Проверки</li>
        <li>Сортировки</li>
        <li>На</li>
        <li>jQuery</li>
    </ul>
</div>

JavaScript

$('.sort-elements').click(function(){
    var $elements = $('.elements li');
    var $target = $('.sorting ul');
    
    $elements.sort(function (a, b) {
        var an = $(a).text(),
            bn = $(b).text();
        
        if (an && bn) {
            return an.toUpperCase().localeCompare(bn.toUpperCase());
        }
        
        return 0;
    });
    
    $elements.detach().appendTo($target);
});