JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<table>
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>Header1</th>
        <th>Header2</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        <tr>
            <td><input id="Cells_0__Text" name="Cells[0].Text" type="text" value="text0" /></td>
            <td><a onclick="getData(this)">Update</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><input id="Cells_1__Text" name="Cells[1].Text" type="text" value="text1" /></td>
            <td><a onclick="getData(this)">Update</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><input id="Cells_2__Text" name="Cells[2].Text" type="text" value="text2" /></td>
            <td><a onclick="getData(this)">Update</a></td>
        </tr>
    </tbody>
    
</table>

JavaScript

function getData(elem) {
 alert( $(elem).parent().parent().find('input').val() );
};