JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground
JavaScript
//ungolfed
/*
for(i=s=[];I=s[++i]=prompt(o='');S=I);
for(c=-1;w=r=++c<S.length;o+=r?c+':'+C+'\n':'')
for(C=S[c];w<i;)
r&=s[w++][c]==C;
alert(o)
*/
//golfed
for(i=s=[];I=s[++i]=prompt(o='');S=I);for(c=-1;w=r=++c<S.length;o+=r?c+':'+C+'\n':'')for(C=S[c];w<i;)r&=s[w++][c]==C;alert(o)