JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<button type="button">Grow</button>
<table>
    <tr>
        <td>
            <div id="external">
                <div id="internal"></div>
            </div>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>

CSS

div#external {
    position: relative;
    background-color: blue;
    height: 25px;
    width: 150px;
}
div#internal {
    position: absolute;
    background-color: cyan;
    top: 100%;
    right: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100px;
}

JavaScript

var height = 1;
document.getElementsByTagName('button')[0]
.addEventListener('click', function () {
    document.getElementById('internal')
        .style.height = String(100 * (++height)) + 'px';
});