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JavaScript

//var filterValue = '01/01/2013'

//var filterValue = '> 01/01/2013';

//var filterValue = '< 01/01/2013';

var filterValue = '01/01/2013 - 01/01/2013';

var splitter = (filterValue.length > 0 ? filterValue.match(/^\s*(<|>)?\s*(\d\d\/\d\d\/\d{4})\s*\-?\s*(\d\d\/\d\d\/\d{4})?\s*$/).slice(1) : '');

var string1 = (splitter.length > 0 ? splitter[0] : '');
var string2 = (splitter.length >= 2 ? splitter[1] : '');
var string3 = (splitter.length >= 3 ? splitter[2] : '');
var string4 = (splitter.length < 4 ? splitter[3] : '');

console.log(string1);
console.log(string2);
console.log(string3);
console.log(string4);