JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<div class="container">
  <span>span</span>
  <div>div</div>
  <strong data-*>with data</strong>
  <p>para</p>
  <div data-*>with data</div>
    <div data-ke>with data</div>
</div>

JavaScript

var objects = document.querySelectorAll('.container *');
var parent = document.getElementsByClassName('container')[0];

for (var i = objects.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
    if (objects[i].attributes[0]) {
        if (objects[i].attributes[0].name.indexOf('data-') == -1) {
            parent.removeChild(objects[i]);
        }
    } else {
        parent.removeChild(objects[i]);
    }
}