Edit in JSFiddle

//こっちは配列のきじゅつ
var arr = new Array(element0, element1, element2);
var arr = Array(element0, element1, element2);
var arr = [element0, element1, element2];

//アイテムをもってないけど長さが0じゃない配列
var arr = new Array(arrayLength);
var arr = [];

//これもアイテムもってないけど長さが0じゃない配列
var arr = [];
arr.length = arrayLength;

//空でつくってからオブジェクトのプロパティいれてく
var obj = {};

obj.prop = [element0, element1, element2];
var obj = {prop: [element0, element1, element2]};

//要素がひとつでNumberをいれるとarrayLength
var arr = [42];
var arr = Array(42);

//これも要素がひとつでNumberをいれるとarrayLength
var arr = [];
arr.length = 42;

//ただし整数じゃないと上記はエラーでる
var arr = Array(2.3);

//値を要素にいれると配列に
var emp = [];
emp[0] = 'Lemon';
emp[1] = 'Tomato';

//数字が整数じゃないときはプロパティになる
var arr = [];
arr[3.4] = 'Orange';
console.log(arr.length);
console.log(arr.hasOwnProperty[3.4]);//あれ？unefined?

//配列作成時に定義
myArray = new Array('cat', 'dog', 'rabbit');
myArray = ['guitar', 'base', 'drum'];

//要素は0からはじまるからlengthは要素+1
console.log(myArray.length);

//くりかえす配列
var colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue'];
for (var i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
  console.log(colors[i]);
};

//くりかえす配列はいってる分
var colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue'];
colors.forEach(function(color) {
  console.log(color);
});

//concat
var myArray = new Array('1', '2', '3');
myArray = myArray.concat('a', 'b', 'c');

//join
var myArray = new Array('Wind', 'Rain', 'Fire');
var list = myArray.join('-');

//push
var myArray = new Array('dog', 'cat');
myArray.push('rabbit');

//pop
var myArray = new Array('tomato', 'lemon', 'carrot');
var last = myArray.pop();

//shift
var myArray = new Array('lemon', 'tomato', 'carrot');
var first = myArray.shift();

//unshift
var myArray = new Array('tomato', 'lemon', 'carrot');
myArray.unshift('peach', 'potato');

//slice
var myArray = new Array('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e');
myArray = myArray.slice(1, 4);

//splice
var myArray = new Array('1', '2', '3', '4', '5');
myArray.splice(1, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd');

//reverse
var myArray = new Array('1', '2', '3');
myArray.reverse();

//sort
var myArray = new Array('Wind', 'Rain', 'Fire');
myArray.sort();